read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time

convert BYTES bytes at a time

convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list

copy only N input blocks

read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)

read from FILE instead of stdin

read as per the comma separated symbol list

write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)

write to FILE instead of stdout

write as per the comma separated symbol list

skip N obs−sized blocks at start of output

skip N ibs−sized blocks at start of input

The LEVEL of information to print to stderr; 'none' suppresses everything but error messages, 'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics, 'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics

from EBCDIC to ASCII

from ASCII to EBCDIC

from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC

pad newline−terminated records with spaces to cbs−size

replace trailing spaces in cbs−size records with newline

change upper case to lower case

change lower case to upper case

try to seek rather than write the output for NUL input blocks

swap every pair of input bytes

pad every input block with NULs to ibs−size; when used with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs

fail if the output file already exists

do not create the output file

do not truncate the output file

continue after read errors

physically write output file data before finishing

likewise, but also write metadata

append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)

use direct I/O for data

fail unless a directory

use synchronized I/O for data

likewise, but also for metadata

accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)

use non−blocking I/O

do not update access time

discard cached data

do not assign controlling terminal from file

do not follow symlinks

treat 'count=N' as a byte count (iflag only)

treat 'skip=N' as a byte count (iflag only)

treat 'seek=N' as a byte count (oflag only)

display this help and exit

output version information and exit