Linux manual pages Section 3  

Name

erf, erff, erfl — error function

Synopsis

#include <math.h>
double erf( double x);
 
float erff( float x);
 
long double erfl( long double x);
 
[Note] Note
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
erf():
_ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L || _XOPEN_SOURCE || /* Since glibc 2.19:
*/ _DEFAULT_SOURCE || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19:
*/ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
erff(), erfl():
_ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L || /* Since glibc 2.19:
*/ _DEFAULT_SOURCE || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19:
*/ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE
[Note] Note

Link with −lm.

DESCRIPTION

These functions return the error function of x, defined as

erf(x) = 2/sqrt(pi)* integral from 0 to x of exp(−t*t) dt

RETURN VALUE

On success, these functions return the error function of x, a value in the range [−1, 1].

If x is a NaN, a NaN is returned.

If x is +0 (−0), +0 (−0) is returned.

If x is positive infinity (negative infinity), +1 (−1) is returned.

If x is subnormal, a range error occurs, and the return value is 2*x/sqrt(pi).

ERRORS

See math_error(7) for information on how to determine whether an error has occurred when calling these functions.

The following errors can occur:

Range error: result underflow(x is subnormal)

An underflow floating-point exception (FE_UNDERFLOW) is raised.

These functions do not set errno.

ATTRIBUTES

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

Interface Attribute Value
erf(), erff(), erfl() Thread safety MT-Safe

CONFORMING TO

C99, POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.

The variant returning double also conforms to SVr4, 4.3BSD.

SEE ALSO

cerf(3), erfc(3), exp(3)

COLOPHON

This page is part of release 4.07 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man−pages/.


  Copyright 1993 David Metcalfe (davidprism.demon.co.uk)
and Copyright 2008, Linux Foundation, written by Michael Kerrisk
    <mtk.manpagesgmail.com>

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References consulted:
    Linux libc source code
    Lewine's _POSIX Programmer's Guide_ (O'Reilly & Associates, 1991)
    386BSD man pages
Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith (faithcs.unc.edu)
Modified 2002-07-27 by Walter Harms
(walter.harmsinformatik.uni-oldenburg.de)